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AIX Problem determination: Operating Systems
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AIX Problem determination
AIX Problem determination
1, Boot Boot log tools for tracking and possible in this process occurred during the crux of the problem, you can use alog order surveillance these issues, rc.boot script uses alog boot order redirect information to a file / var / adm / ras / bootlog If System problems, the single-user mode can be activated system, the use of alog-o-t boot order Show the document to determine where there is a problem.
- F: Logfile designated a name, such as the establishment of a file does not exist, if not alog wrote the document, wrote / dev / null
- L: alog configuration database lists the current definition of a log type, and if - t used together, set out in detail the types of information
- O: Logfile write to standard output of the contents of the documents
- Q: standard input to Logfile copy documents, but not write to standard output
- T Type: designated types, alog alog configuration database obtained from the name and size of log
Examples: alog-o-f Logfile
Alog-f Logfile |-q-s size
Alog-t Type-v (verbosity value)
Alog-C-t Type-f Logfile-s Size-v Verbosity
Alog-L-t Type
Alog-L (boot, bosinst, nim, dumpsymp) + alog-o-t Type (smitty alog_show)
Circulation journal, written at the same time when multiple CPU with a log file, the contents of the documents is unpredictable.
2, error log error logging tool hardware and software fault for the wrong diagnosis and correction services, log the error subsystem has three components comprise:
Error log programming: developers to use templates and the establishment of erroneous information
Error processing: error handling
Error log file processing: Administrators used to diagnose problems in detail below page view!
① configuration error log file (/ var / adm / ras / errlog)
/ Usr / bin / errdemon-l error log listed the mistakes in the database configuration file information
/ Usr / bin / errdemon-i / var / adm / ras / errlog.test change the name of the log file errors
/ Usr / bin / errdemon-s Size (byte) changing error log file size (not less than 4 K), if the designated size less than the current text
Pieces, changes to the current document. Old, and the creation of a new document specified sizes, it is also recycling log.
/ Usr / bin / errdemon-B Size (16384) change the internal error log equipment cache ② start, stop, error log daemon
/ Usr / bin / errdemon (if not errpt output, the daemon may be terminated)
/ Usr / bin / errstop
③ eliminate error log (smitty errclear)
Usually in the processing of cron command execution, can also manually
Errclear 0 remove all records
Errclear-d S 0 to remove all the wrong records software
④ a wrong report (errpt)
Errpt-a-c-d ErrClass-e EndDate-g-i File-j |-k ErrID-J |-K ErrLabel-l SequenceNum-m Machine
N Node---F Flag s StartDate-N ResourceName-R ResourceType-S ResourceClass-T ErrType
- Y File-z File
- A: Show Details
- C: synchronization, error, the error message
- D ErrClass: to display the specified category of errors
- T ErrType: Showing specific types of errors
- E EndDate: Showing up to a certain time error message
- S StartDate: Since the show began when a wrong message
- J ErrLabel: Showing the wrong designated Label
- J ErrID: to display the specified ID error
- K ErrLabel: Label show that except for designated error
- K ErrID: ID show that except for designated error
- N ResourceName: Showing designated resources of the error
ErrType:
PEND: equipment, components, can not be used for emergency.
PERF: equipment, components, performance below the acceptable level
PERM: permanent error, can not be restored
TEMP: Temporary errors, has been restored
UNKN: unknown error
INFO: Message
ErrClass:
H: hardware errors; S: software errors; O: news U: not sure
Ls / var / adm / ras / errlog | backup-ivp (f / dev/fd0) error log backup to floppy disks
Ls / var / adm / ras / errlog | backup-ivpf / dev/rmt0 error log backup to tape drive
⑤ maintenance log
System administrators can use errlogger recorded in the error log information
Errlogger "This is a test about errlogger command"
3, the system dump tools (smit dump)
When the system crashes, system dump copy of the core structure to choose dump equipment. Dynamic system dump equipment can be configured to tape
Logical Volume machine or storage systems to dump. The main dump dump the equipment is specialized equipment, minor equipment is shared dump
The. OS installation, configuration automatically dump equipment. By default, 5 L version configuration / dev/hd6 equipment for the main dump, and
/ Dev / sysdumpnull dump for minor equipment. (If the system upgrade from AIX3 come AIX3 default dump equipment / dev/hd7
5 L remains the default dump equipment. System and the user can dump initialization, when the dump completed, the system restart or termination, according to
Sys0 automatically restart attribute settings (smitty ?; System Environments ?; Change / Show characteristics of OS)
① dump equipment management
Sysdumpdev-l lists the current dump equipment
Sysdumpdev-P-p / dev / newdump change the default main dump equipment
Sysdumpdev e-estimated the size of the current dump equipment
Sysdumpdev-L show that the statistical information previously dump
② system began dump
System kernel panic wrote the beginning of the dump dump system equipment. Flashing the "888" instruction decoder news is, according to reset button investigation
, The RS6000 system enhanced to achieve the function button.
888-102 abnormal termination of that system, mmm said that the reasons for termination, ddd that dump state and dump yards
③ users have begun to dump
There are three ways to achieve user system dump.
Check the estimated size of dump
Sysdumpdev-e
Check the equipment size dump
Sysdumpdev-l
Lsps-a
Beginning dump
Sysdumpstart-p (primary)-s (secondary) started from the command line
Ctrl + Alt + NumPad1 (primary); Ctrl + Alt + NumPad2 (secondary); reset (primary) began a special bond
Note:> Sysdumpdev-K
④ verification system dump
Crash test system order for the document dump interactive tools
Crash SystemImageFile KernelFile in the two documents> SystemImageFile document or dump device name
KernelFile is the default core / usr / lib / boot / unix
Sysdumpdev-L list system dump file name
Device name: / dev/hd6
Major device number: 10
Minor device number: 2
Size: 24202752 bytes
Date / Time: Tue Nov 10 16:50:45 CST 1998
Dump status: 0
Dump completed successfully
Dump copy filename: / var/adm/ras/vmcore.1
Crash / var/adm/ras/vmcore.1 verify the validity of dump
Using / unix as the default namelist file.
>
> Stat
Sysname: AIX
Nodename: aix4xdev
Release: 3
Version: 4
Machine: 000044091C00
Time of crash: Tue Nov 10 16:50:45 CST 1998
Age of system: 1 day, 5 hr., 28 min.
Xmalloc debug: disabled
Abend code: 0
Csa: 0x0
>
> Quit
If the crash orders output>, stat-order output dump details
⑤ copy system dump
5 L version pax command allows the copy, create, modify, more than 2 G's paper (like system dump) for the relocation dump (the previous version
The use of tar, cpio command - but not the operation of more than 2 G), pax also ordered to tar, cpio format Show changes to a document.
Pax-r |-w |-rw-c-d-i-k-l-n-t-u-v-X-H |-L-p String-o Options-s ReplacementString
- X Format File Directory
- A: Add files to the archive at the end of
- C: matching all members or archive files (with the exception of the designated pattern parameters)
- D: consider> - F Archive: designated to use the documents in the archives of the path
- I: rename files or archive
- K: coverage of the order to prevent the existence of documents
- R: from standard input reading a document archiving
- V: writing process information
- W: archiving format specified written documents to the standard output
- X Format: archiving designated output format (pax - can be greater than 2 G, cpio, ustar)
Note: do not specify - x parameters, the default format for the tar designated - x Format not specified, the default format for pax
Pax-vf / etc / temp.tar Show tar paper
Pax-x pax-wvf temp.tar / home / user / soft.tar / home / user / temp.tar establish a pax format
Temp.tar, including file / home / user / soft.tar and / home / user / temp.tar, more than 2 G
Pax-wvf / dev/rmt0 dump.out copy files to tape drives dump.out
Pax-rvf / var / adm / link.tar decompress tar paper / var / adm / link.tar to the current directory
Pax-rw run.pax / tmp run.pax copy files to / tmp directory
⑥ compiler copy system to dump media
Snap orders for the collection system configuration information, providing a convenient method of sending lslpp, errpt output to a service support centre, it collects
Information and information into pax compressed files can also be downloaded to the tapes, diskettes and other media.
Snap-A-a-b-c-D-f-g-G-i-k-l-L-n-N-p-r-s-t-S-T-w-o OutputDev
- D Dir-v Component
- A: the system collects all information about 8 M / tmp space
- C: A / tmp / ibmsupt directory tree or other directory naming all documents image compression pax (snap.pax.Z)
- D Dir: optional snap output specified path (default / tmp / ibmsupt)
- D: dump the collection and / unix information, the use of the dump equipment
- F: file system information collection
- G: collection lslpp-hBc command output, the information needs of the reconstruction of the correct OS environment, write output to / tmp / ibmsupt / general /
/ Lslpp.hBc documents, a common system to collect information output to / tmp / ibmsupt / general / general.snap document
- K: core information collection
- L: LVM information collection
- O Outputdev: compressed copy of the tape or floppy disk to mirror
- R: / tmp / delete directory ibmsupt snap command output
- V Component: display to see the name or group designated documents
/ Usr / sbin / snap-gfkD-o / dev/rmt0 copy system information (including file system and kernel parameters) to tape
In the implementation of snap-snap-c o and orders before any service support center in need of additional information should be added to / tmp / directory ibmsupt
For example, a service support center (IBM) the need to provide you with an explanation of the test examples, it should be copied to / tmp / ibmsupt directory,
Snap and snap-o-c command execution, the test case has also been included in the inside.
AIX Problem determination
1, Boot Boot log tools for tracking and possible in this process occurred during the crux of the problem, you can use alog order surveillance these issues, rc.boot script uses alog boot order redirect information to a file / var / adm / ras / bootlog If System problems, the single-user mode can be activated system, the use of alog-o-t boot order Show the document to determine where there is a problem.
- F: Logfile designated a name, such as the establishment of a file does not exist, if not alog wrote the document, wrote / dev / null
- L: alog configuration database lists the current definition of a log type, and if - t used together, set out in detail the types of information
- O: Logfile write to standard output of the contents of the documents
- Q: standard input to Logfile copy documents, but not write to standard output
- T Type: designated types, alog alog configuration database obtained from the name and size of log
Examples: alog-o-f Logfile
Alog-f Logfile |-q-s size
Alog-t Type-v (verbosity value)
Alog-C-t Type-f Logfile-s Size-v Verbosity
Alog-L-t Type
Alog-L (boot, bosinst, nim, dumpsymp) + alog-o-t Type (smitty alog_show)
Circulation journal, written at the same time when multiple CPU with a log file, the contents of the documents is unpredictable.
2, error log error logging tool hardware and software fault for the wrong diagnosis and correction services, log the error subsystem has three components comprise:
Error log programming: developers to use templates and the establishment of erroneous information
Error processing: error handling
Error log file processing: Administrators used to diagnose problems in detail below page view!
① configuration error log file (/ var / adm / ras / errlog)
/ Usr / bin / errdemon-l error log listed the mistakes in the database configuration file information
/ Usr / bin / errdemon-i / var / adm / ras / errlog.test change the name of the log file errors
/ Usr / bin / errdemon-s Size (byte) changing error log file size (not less than 4 K), if the designated size less than the current text
Pieces, changes to the current document. Old, and the creation of a new document specified sizes, it is also recycling log.
/ Usr / bin / errdemon-B Size (16384) change the internal error log equipment cache ② start, stop, error log daemon
/ Usr / bin / errdemon (if not errpt output, the daemon may be terminated)
/ Usr / bin / errstop
③ eliminate error log (smitty errclear)
Usually in the processing of cron command execution, can also manually
Errclear 0 remove all records
Errclear-d S 0 to remove all the wrong records software
④ a wrong report (errpt)
Errpt-a-c-d ErrClass-e EndDate-g-i File-j |-k ErrID-J |-K ErrLabel-l SequenceNum-m Machine
N Node---F Flag s StartDate-N ResourceName-R ResourceType-S ResourceClass-T ErrType
- Y File-z File
- A: Show Details
- C: synchronization, error, the error message
- D ErrClass: to display the specified category of errors
- T ErrType: Showing specific types of errors
- E EndDate: Showing up to a certain time error message
- S StartDate: Since the show began when a wrong message
- J ErrLabel: Showing the wrong designated Label
- J ErrID: to display the specified ID error
- K ErrLabel: Label show that except for designated error
- K ErrID: ID show that except for designated error
- N ResourceName: Showing designated resources of the error
ErrType:
PEND: equipment, components, can not be used for emergency.
PERF: equipment, components, performance below the acceptable level
PERM: permanent error, can not be restored
TEMP: Temporary errors, has been restored
UNKN: unknown error
INFO: Message
ErrClass:
H: hardware errors; S: software errors; O: news U: not sure
Ls / var / adm / ras / errlog | backup-ivp (f / dev/fd0) error log backup to floppy disks
Ls / var / adm / ras / errlog | backup-ivpf / dev/rmt0 error log backup to tape drive
⑤ maintenance log
System administrators can use errlogger recorded in the error log information
Errlogger "This is a test about errlogger command"
3, the system dump tools (smit dump)
When the system crashes, system dump copy of the core structure to choose dump equipment. Dynamic system dump equipment can be configured to tape
Logical Volume machine or storage systems to dump. The main dump dump the equipment is specialized equipment, minor equipment is shared dump
The. OS installation, configuration automatically dump equipment. By default, 5 L version configuration / dev/hd6 equipment for the main dump, and
/ Dev / sysdumpnull dump for minor equipment. (If the system upgrade from AIX3 come AIX3 default dump equipment / dev/hd7
5 L remains the default dump equipment. System and the user can dump initialization, when the dump completed, the system restart or termination, according to
Sys0 automatically restart attribute settings (smitty ?; System Environments ?; Change / Show characteristics of OS)
① dump equipment management
Sysdumpdev-l lists the current dump equipment
Sysdumpdev-P-p / dev / newdump change the default main dump equipment
Sysdumpdev e-estimated the size of the current dump equipment
Sysdumpdev-L show that the statistical information previously dump
② system began dump
System kernel panic wrote the beginning of the dump dump system equipment. Flashing the "888" instruction decoder news is, according to reset button investigation
, The RS6000 system enhanced to achieve the function button.
888-102 abnormal termination of that system, mmm said that the reasons for termination, ddd that dump state and dump yards
③ users have begun to dump
There are three ways to achieve user system dump.
Check the estimated size of dump
Sysdumpdev-e
Check the equipment size dump
Sysdumpdev-l
Lsps-a
Beginning dump
Sysdumpstart-p (primary)-s (secondary) started from the command line
Ctrl + Alt + NumPad1 (primary); Ctrl + Alt + NumPad2 (secondary); reset (primary) began a special bond
Note:> Sysdumpdev-K
④ verification system dump
Crash test system order for the document dump interactive tools
Crash SystemImageFile KernelFile in the two documents> SystemImageFile document or dump device name
KernelFile is the default core / usr / lib / boot / unix
Sysdumpdev-L list system dump file name
Device name: / dev/hd6
Major device number: 10
Minor device number: 2
Size: 24202752 bytes
Date / Time: Tue Nov 10 16:50:45 CST 1998
Dump status: 0
Dump completed successfully
Dump copy filename: / var/adm/ras/vmcore.1
Crash / var/adm/ras/vmcore.1 verify the validity of dump
Using / unix as the default namelist file.
>
> Stat
Sysname: AIX
Nodename: aix4xdev
Release: 3
Version: 4
Machine: 000044091C00
Time of crash: Tue Nov 10 16:50:45 CST 1998
Age of system: 1 day, 5 hr., 28 min.
Xmalloc debug: disabled
Abend code: 0
Csa: 0x0
>
> Quit
If the crash orders output>, stat-order output dump details
⑤ copy system dump
5 L version pax command allows the copy, create, modify, more than 2 G's paper (like system dump) for the relocation dump (the previous version
The use of tar, cpio command - but not the operation of more than 2 G), pax also ordered to tar, cpio format Show changes to a document.
Pax-r |-w |-rw-c-d-i-k-l-n-t-u-v-X-H |-L-p String-o Options-s ReplacementString
- X Format File Directory
- A: Add files to the archive at the end of
- C: matching all members or archive files (with the exception of the designated pattern parameters)
- D: consider> - F Archive: designated to use the documents in the archives of the path
- I: rename files or archive
- K: coverage of the order to prevent the existence of documents
- R: from standard input reading a document archiving
- V: writing process information
- W: archiving format specified written documents to the standard output
- X Format: archiving designated output format (pax - can be greater than 2 G, cpio, ustar)
Note: do not specify - x parameters, the default format for the tar designated - x Format not specified, the default format for pax
Pax-vf / etc / temp.tar Show tar paper
Pax-x pax-wvf temp.tar / home / user / soft.tar / home / user / temp.tar establish a pax format
Temp.tar, including file / home / user / soft.tar and / home / user / temp.tar, more than 2 G
Pax-wvf / dev/rmt0 dump.out copy files to tape drives dump.out
Pax-rvf / var / adm / link.tar decompress tar paper / var / adm / link.tar to the current directory
Pax-rw run.pax / tmp run.pax copy files to / tmp directory
⑥ compiler copy system to dump media
Snap orders for the collection system configuration information, providing a convenient method of sending lslpp, errpt output to a service support centre, it collects
Information and information into pax compressed files can also be downloaded to the tapes, diskettes and other media.
Snap-A-a-b-c-D-f-g-G-i-k-l-L-n-N-p-r-s-t-S-T-w-o OutputDev
- D Dir-v Component
- A: the system collects all information about 8 M / tmp space
- C: A / tmp / ibmsupt directory tree or other directory naming all documents image compression pax (snap.pax.Z)
- D Dir: optional snap output specified path (default / tmp / ibmsupt)
- D: dump the collection and / unix information, the use of the dump equipment
- F: file system information collection
- G: collection lslpp-hBc command output, the information needs of the reconstruction of the correct OS environment, write output to / tmp / ibmsupt / general /
/ Lslpp.hBc documents, a common system to collect information output to / tmp / ibmsupt / general / general.snap document
- K: core information collection
- L: LVM information collection
- O Outputdev: compressed copy of the tape or floppy disk to mirror
- R: / tmp / delete directory ibmsupt snap command output
- V Component: display to see the name or group designated documents
/ Usr / sbin / snap-gfkD-o / dev/rmt0 copy system information (including file system and kernel parameters) to tape
In the implementation of snap-snap-c o and orders before any service support center in need of additional information should be added to / tmp / directory ibmsupt
For example, a service support center (IBM) the need to provide you with an explanation of the test examples, it should be copied to / tmp / ibmsupt directory,
Snap and snap-o-c command execution, the test case has also been included in the inside.
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